Pile fabric



Dec'. 8, 1931. J, F. FLORZYK 1,835,940

PILE FABRIC Filed March 28, l93l INVENTOR ATTORNEY Patented Dec. 8, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE I' JOSEPH FRANCIS FLOBCZYK, OF SAXONVILLE, MASSACHUSETTS, BUBY CARPET COMPANY, 0F SAXONVILLE, MASSACHUSETTS,

massacnusarrs .ASSIGNOB T0 BOX- FILE FABRIC Application med Iarch 28, 1981. Serial No. 525,966.

This invention relates to pile fabrics and more particularly to carpets or rugs having the pattern visible at the back. Y It is well known that in oriental rugs the pattern upon the face of the rug is also visible at the back, and there is more or less demand for domestic or machine made rugs constructed so that the pattern is visible at the back.

Machine made rugs and carpets'having the pattern visible at the back have been manufactured heretofore, but when the pile forming yarns are carried through to the back of the fabric tocause the pattern to show at the back the length of yarns required to form the pile loops is increased, thus increasing the cost of the fabric, and the difculty of securing the pile forming loops to the' fabric is increased when the base of the loops are exposed at the back instead of resting upon the woven structure.

Having in mind the foregoing the present invention contemplates a novel formof pile fabric having the pattern vis'ble at the back, and which is simple in construction, is well bound and easy to weave, andy requires a minimum amount of yarn to produce the pile loops.

The fabric of the present invention is a two plane fabric having all the stulfer or filler warps in a single plane, and the pile forming yarns are looped about a weft below the stuifer warps and aresupported at their opposite sides by wefts positioned above and below the stuer warps. As a result of this construction in which all stuffer warps lie in a single plane the thickness of the ground fabric is'reduced and a corresponding saving is secured in the length of pile forming yarns required to extend through to the back of the fabric. Furthermore the diagonally disposed wefts engaging the opposite sides of the pile loops serve to hold the pile forming tufts firmly in place.

The various features of the invention will be further understood from the following" description when read in connection with the accompanying drawings illustrating one good practical embodiment of the invention.

In the drawings i Fig. 1 is a plan view of theface of a piece of pile fabric constructed in accordance with theA present invention. Y

Fig". 2 is a view of the back of the fabric of F1g. 1 showing the pattern upon the back.

Fig. 3 on an enlarged scale is a longitudinal sectional view of the fabric of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view of the fabric of Fig. 3.

The pile fabric of the present invention may be readily woven on the ordinary Axmlnster loom, and is illustrated in the drawings as formed of the stufier or ller warps 10 and 11, the chain warps 12, the upper wefts 13 and the lower wefts 14 and 15. The stuffer warps 10I and 11 all lie in the same plane and extend lengthwise of the fabric in a straightened condition as shown, and the upper and lower wefts 13, 14 and 15 are rmly bound to the op osite faces of .the-

sliuffer warps 10 and 11 y the chain warps The fabric illustrated is a two plane weave having three shots to the complete cycle, there being two wefts below the stuffer warps for a coaroaarrorr orv each weft above these warps, and the chain warps 12 pass alternately over an upper weft 13 and under the lower wefts 14 and 15.

The pile forming yarns 16 are looped about a lower weft 15 as shown, and* the other lower weft 14 rests against one face of the row of pile yarns extending across the fabric, while the u per weft 13 is lpositioned at the opposite si e of this row of pile yarns or tufts. The arrangement is suchthat the wefts 13 and 14 are disposed diagonally to each other and bend somewhat the portions of the pile loops lying between them as will be apparent from Fig. 3, the results being that the pile formin loops are firmly secured to the ground fa ric andthe base of the loops are exposed at the back of the fabric to produce the pattern on the back.

The stuifer or filler warps 10 and 11 are relied uponv to provide the longitudinal strength of the fabric and are therefore formed of cotton or other relatively strong material. A single stuifer warp may be employed between .each pair of tufts 16, but in vsuch as commonly employed upon Axminster looms, and in the construction shown each weft 13, 14 and 15 is formedy of two threads laid by the in and out travel of the needle and constitutes what is commonly called a shot of weft.

In weaving the present fabric either two or three frames or harnesses may be employedy depending whether one or two Studer warps are laid between each row of tufts. In weaving the construction shown one frame is needed for the chain warps 12,; and if a second frame is provided for the staffer warps 10 and a third frame for the stufier warps-11, the frames for the warps 10 and 11 are moved together. lt will therefore be seen that the weavin operations required to produce the present abrio are extremely simple and that no extra gearing is required to operate the harness cams. l

When the fabric of the present invention is woven on a needle type of loom so that each weft is formed of two threads, as shown, a further advantage is secured since the two threads of the upper weft 13 will be held by the chain warps side by side horizontally as shown, while the two threads of each lower weft 1d and 15 will be held side by side vertically as shown, and as a result the horizontal arrment of the two upper threads 13 tends to take up the space between the adjacent rows of tuits, while the vertical arrangement of the two threads forming each weft 14 and 15 increases their binding action upon the row of tutt yarns and causes the base of the loops of the yarns 16 to show up with increased -clearness at the back of the fabric. rlhe arrangement of the weft forming threads just described results from the fact that the upper yarns are held bythe chain warps 12 against the Studer warps at the time the beat up of the lay occurs, Vwhile the lower wets which are beaten up in the same shed are not held by the chain warp while beaten up and therefore are free to take the vertical position as shown.

The weave of the present invention possesses a further advantage in that in the present construction the operation of bending or turning up the pile forming yarns about the weft 15 1s easy to perform.

It will be seen from the foregoing that a pile fabric constructed in accordance with the present invention is easy to weave and that the parts thereof are firmly bound togther, and that a saving in the length of l pile yarn required to extend through to the` back of the fabric is secured by employing a two plane weave.

What is claimed isz- 1. A pile fabric having the pattern visible at the back and formed of stu'er warps all laid in a single plane, wefts laid above and below the stuffer vwarps and arranged with twice as many wefts below the stuii'er warps as above them, a row of pile forming yarns looped about one of a pair of lower shots of wefts, and chain warps passing alternately around one upper shot of weft and two lower shots of wefts. A

y 2. A pile fabric having the pattern visible at the back and formed of Studer warps all laid in a single plane, wefts laid above and below the stuler warps land arranged with twice as many wefts below the stulier warps as above them, a row of pile forming yarns looped about one of a pair of lower weft-s, and chain warps for bindin the upper and lower wefts against the stuer warps.

3Q An Axminster pile fabric having the pattern visible at the back and formed of stutter warps all laid in a single plane, wefts laid above and below the Studer warps and arranged with twice as many wets below the stutter warps as above them, a row of pile forminghyarns looped about one lower weft and having a second lower weft laid at one side of the row of pile yarns and an upper weft laid at the vopposite side of said row, and chain warps for binding the-upper and lower wette againstthe stuer warps..

t. A two plane ile fabric having the pattern visible at the back and formed of stutter warps, wefts laid above and below the stuer f warps and arranged with twice as many weite below the stu'er warps as above them.7 a row of pile forming yarns looped .about one lower weft and having a second lower weft laid in contacting relation with one side of the row of pile yarns and an upper weft laid at the opposite side of said row and chain warps Vfor binding the u per and lower wette to the stuer warps an against the opposite sides of the row of pile diagonal relation thereto.

5. A two plane pile fabric having the pattern visible at thebacl: and formed oi Studer warps, wefts laid above and 'below the stu'er warps and arranged with twice as many wefts below the stuer warps as above them, a row of 'pile forming yarnslooped about one lower shot of wett and having 'a second lower shot of weftlaid against .said rowand an upper shot of weft laid against the'opposite side of said row, and chain warps passing alternately over one'upper shot of weft and under two lower shots 'of wette.

6. A two plane pile fabric having the pattern visible at the back and termed of stui'er warpsy wefts laid above and below the stu'er warps and arranged in three shot cycles with one shot above and two shots below e ster yarns in aeeaeeo warps, a row of pile forming yarns looped about one lower weft of a cycle and laid against the other lower weft of the cycle and having the upper weft of this cycle laid at Jche opposite side of said row, each of'said wefts being formed. of two weft threads, and

chain warps passing over the upper weft and under the two lower wefts of a cycle and adapted to hold the two threads of the upper weft in a horizontal plane anol the two threads of each lower weft in a vertical plane.

7 A pile fabric having the pattern visible at the back and formed of stu'er warps all laid in a single plane, wette laid above and below the stuler warps and arranged with twice as many wef'ts below the stuer warps as above them, a row of pile forming yarns looped about one of a pair of lower wefts and having two` stu'er warps between eac-,l1 pair of pile forming loops, and a chain warp laid between said two stuer warps and around the upper and lower wefts.

In testimony whereof, l have signed my name to this specilication.

JOSEPH FRANCIS FLORCZYK. 

